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Outdoor literature is a literature genre about or involving the outdoors. Outdoor literature encompasses several different subgenres including exploration literature, adventure literature, mountain literature and nature writing. Another subgenre is the guide book, an early example of which was Thomas West's guide to the Lake District published in 1778.〔Thomas West, (1821) (). ''A Guide to the Lakes in Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire''. Kendal: W. Pennington.〕 The genres can include activities such as exploration, survival, sailing, hiking, mountaineering, whitewater boating, geocaching or kayaking, or writing about nature and the environment. Travel literature is similar to outdoor literature but differs in that it does not always deal with the out-of-doors, but there is a considerable overlap between these genres, in particular with regard to long journeys. ==History== Henry David Thoreau's ''Walden'' (1854) is an early and influential work. Although not entirely an outdoor work (he lived in a cabin close to civilization) he expressed the ideas of why people go out into the wilderness to camp, backpack and hike: to get away from the rush of modern society and simplify life. This was a new perspective for the time and thus ''Walden'' has had a lasting influence on most outdoor authors. Robert Louis Stevenson's ''Travels with a Donkey in the Cévennes'' (1879), about his travels in Cévennes (France), is among the first popular books to present hiking and camping as recreational activities, and tells of commissioning one of the first sleeping bags.〔''Travel with a Donkey in the Cevennes'' (1879); Re the first sleeping bag in 1876 ()〕 In the world of sailing Joshua Slocum's ''Sailing Alone Around the World'' (1900) is a classic of outdoor literature.〔Joshua Slocum Society: ().〕 In April 1895, Joshua Slocum set sail from Boston, Massachusetts and in ''Sailing Alone Around the World'',〔Slocum (1899), ''Sailing Alone Around the World''〕 he described his departure: More than three years later, on June 27, 1898, he returned to Newport, Rhode Island, having circumnavigated the world, a distance of more than 46,000 miles (74,000 km). The National Outdoor Book Award was established in 1997 as a US-based non-profit program which each year honors the best in outdoor writing and publishing.〔National Outdoor Book Awards Official site:().〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Outdoor literature」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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